SAP FICO Interview Questions

Q.1 Give some examples of GL accounts that should be posted automatically through the system and how is this defined in the system.

Stock and Consumption accounts are instances of GL accounts that should be automatically posted . In the GL account master record, a check box exists wherein the automatic posting option is selected called “ Post Automatically Only”

Q.2 What is a Account group and where is it used?

An Account group controls the data that needs to be entered at the time of creation of a master record. Account groups exist for the definition of a GL account, Vendor and Customer master. It basically controls the fields which pop up during master data creation in SAP.

Q.3 What is a field status group?

Field status groups control the fields which come up when the user does the transactions. There are three options for field selection. They are:

Display only

Suppressed

Mandatory

So basically you can have any field either for display only or you can totally suppress it or make it mandatory.

The field status group is stored in the FI GL Master  Record.

Q.4 What is the purpose of a “Document type” in SAP?

A Document type is specified at the Header level during transaction entry and serves the following purposes:

 It defines the Number range for documents

 It controls the type of accounts that can be posted to eg Assets, Vendor, Customer, Normal GL account

 Document type to be used for reversal of entries

Whether it can be used only for Batch input sessions

 Document Type is created for differentiating business transactions. Eg Vendor Invoice, Credit Memo, Accrual Entries,Customer Invoice. It is a two digit character.

SAP FICO Interview Questions

Q.1 What is a Company Code and what are the basic organizational assignments to a company code?

 Company Code is a legal entity for which financial statements like Profit and Loss and Balance Sheets are generated. Plants are assigned to the company code, Purchasing organization is assigned to the company code, and Sales organization is assigned to the company code.

Q.2 What is the relation between a Controlling Area and a Company code?

 A Controlling area can have the following 2 types of relationship with a Company code

 Single Company code relation

 Cross Company code relation

 This means that one single controlling area can be assigned to several different company codes. Controlling can have a one is to one relationship or a one is to many relationship with different company codes.

 Controlling Area is the umbrella under which all controlling activities of Cost Center Accounting, Product Costing, Profit Center and Profitability Analysis are stored.

 In a similar way Company Codes is the umbrella for Finance activities.

Q.3 How many Chart of Accounts can a Company code have?

A single Company code can have only one Chart of Account assigned to it. The Chart of Accounts is nothing but the list of General Ledger Accounts.

Q.4 What are the options in SAP when it comes to Fiscal years?

Fiscal year is nothing but the way financial data is stored in the system. SAP provides you with the combination of 12 normal periods and also

four special periods. These periods are stored in what is called the fiscal year variant.

 There are two types of Fiscal Year Variant

 Calendar Year –  e.g. Jan-Dec

 Year Dependent Fiscal Year .

SAP ABAP Interview Questions

Q.1 How to create client independent tables? 

client independent tables:
the table in which the first field is not mandt is the client independent tables
mandt is the field with mandt as the data element
automatically client which we login is populated to mandt

Q.2 What type of user exits have you written? 

There are four types:
1.function exit
2.menu exit
3.screen exit.
4.field exit. 

Q.3 How can you debug a script form?

SE71 -> give the form name -> utilities -> activate debugger 

Q.4 How do we debug sapscript? 

First we need to put Break point in Print program where ever you want to stop the execution. 
After in SE71 give your form name and go to Utilities-->Active De-bugger. 
Then go to your transaction like VF03(for Invoice or Credit memo) etc to see the print preview or print the form execute it. 
When you execute it the the form Debugging will get activated and you can see your Form execution step by step.

SAP ABAP Interview Question

Q.1 What is difference between dialog program and a report? 

Report is a executable program 
Dialog is a module pool program.It has to be executed via a transaction only. 
Dialog programming is used for customization of screens

Q.2 How do you connect to the remote server if you are working from the office for the client in remote place?

WAS web application server or ITS are generally used for this purpose. If you are sitting at your office with a server which is in the system and the other server is at the clients place you can generate IDOC, intermediate documents which carry the data you want to transfer or the documents you want to transfer, these IDOC are interpreted by the system at the receiving end with the message class with which it is bound with. If you want to log on a system which is very distant..then remote login can be used this depends on the internet speed.

Q.3 Explain about roll area , Dispatcher, ABAP-Processor. 

Answer 1: 
Roll area is nothing but memory allocated by work process. It holds the information needed by R/3 about programs execution such as value of the variables. 
Dispatcher: All the requests that come from presentation server will be directed first to dispatcher. Further dispatcher sends this requests to work process on FIFO(First In and First Out) basis. 

Answer 2: 
Dispatcher receives the request from client and assigns the request to one of the work process. 

Roll area: Each work process works in a particular memory that memory is known as Role Area, which consists of User context and session data. 

ABAP- Processor :is an interpreter which can execute logic

Q.4 Which one is not an exit command ?
STOP.
Effect :The statement STOP is only to be used in executable programs 

EXIT.
Effect :If the EXIT statement is executed outside of a loop, it will immediately terminate the current processing block. 

BACK.
Effect : This statement positions the list cursor on the first position of the first line in a logical unit. 

So "Cancel" is not an exit command

SAP ABAP Interview Questions

Q.1 When do we use End-of-selection? 

End-of-selection event are mostly used  when we are writing HR-ABAP code. In the HR-ABAP code, data is retrieved in the Start-of-selection event and Printing on the list and all will be done in End-of-selection event.

Q.2 In events start-of-selection is default event. When we have to use this event explicitly? Why? 

The default event in the ABAP is Start-of-selection.We have to call explicitly this event when you are writing other than ths event , that is when you write AT SELECTION-SCREEN EVENTS OR INITIALIZATION EVENT etc,you have to explicitly mention the Start-of-selection event while you are writing the logic. 

Before these events called ,all the code you have written come into this default Start-of-selection screen event.

Q.3 Explain the differences between ABAP and OOABAP. In which situation we use OOABAP? 

OOABAP is used to develop BSP/PCUI applications and also anything involved object oriented like BADIs, SmartForms..etc.where as ABAP is used to develop traditional programs in R/3.

Q.4 What is table buffer? Explain type of tables used this buffer.

Buffer is nothing but a memory area. table is buffered means that table information is available on application server. when you call data from database table it will come from application server. 

SAP ABAP Interview Questions

Q.1 What are the components of SAP scripts?

 SAP scripts is a word processing tool of SAP which has the following components: Standard text. It is like a standard normal documents. Layout sets. - Layout set consists of the following components: Windows and pages, Paragraph formats, Character formats. Creating forms in the R/3 system. Every layout set consists of Header, paragraph, and character string. ABAP/4 program.

Q.2 What is CTS and what do you know about it? 

The Change and Transport System (CTS) is a tool that helps you to organize development projects in the ABAP Workbench and in Customizing, and then transport the changes between the SAP Systems and clients in your system landscape. This documentation provides you with an overview of how to manage changes with the CTS and essential information on setting up your system and client landscape and deciding on a transport strategy. Read and follow this documentation when planning your development project.

What are logical databases? What are the advantages/ dis-advantages of logical databases?
To read data from a database tables we use logical database. A logical database provides read-only access to a group of related tables to an ABAP/4 program. Advantages: i)check functions which check that user input is complete, correct,and plausible. ii)Meaningful data selection. iii)central authorization checks for database accesses. iv)good read access performance while retaining the hierarchical data view determined by the application logic. dis advantages: i)If you donot specify a logical database in the program attributes,the GET events never occur. ii)There is no ENDGET command,so the code block associated with an event ends with the next event statement (such as another GET or an END-OF-SELECTION).

Q.3 Name the events in ABAP/4 language.

Initialization, At selection-screen, Start-of-selection, end-of-selection, top-of-page, end-of-page, At line-selection, At user-command, At PF, Get, At New, At LAST, AT END, AT FIRST.

Q.4 What is a batch input session? 

BATCH INPUT SESSION is an intermediate step between internal table and database table. Data along with the action is stored in session i.e. data for screen fields, to which screen it is passed, program name behind it, and how next screen is processed.

Sap ABAP Interview Questions and Answers

Q.1 What is an ABAP?

ABAP (Advanced Business Application Programming) is a high level programming language created by the German software company SAP. It is currently positioned as the language for programming SAP's Web Application Server, part of its NetWeaver platform for building business applications. Its syntax is somewhat similar to COBOL.

What is an ABAP data dictionary?
ABAP 4 data dictionary describes the logical structures of the objects used in application development and shows how they are mapped to the underlying relational database in tables/views.

Q.2 What is foreign key relationship?

  A relationship which can be defined between tables and must be explicitly defined at field level. Foreign keys are used to ensure the consistency of data. Data entered should be checked against existing data to ensure that there are now contradiction. While defining foreign key relationship cardinality has to be specified. Cardinality mentions how many dependent records or how referenced records are possible.

Describe data classes.
Master data: It is the data which is seldom changed. Transaction data: It is the data which is often changed. Organization data: It is a customizing data which is entered in the system when the system is configured and is then rarely changed. System data:It is the data which R/3 system needs for itself.

Q.3 Explain the concept indexes.

Indexes are described as a copy of a database table reduced to specific fields. This data exists in sorted form. This sorting form ease fast access to the field of the tables. In order that other fields are also read, a pointer to the associated record of the actual table are included in the index. The indexes are activated along with the table and are created automatically with it in the database.

Difference between transparent tables and pooled tables.

Transparent tables: Transparent tables in the dictionary has a one-to-one relation with the table in database. Its structure corresponds to single database field. Table in the database has the same name as in the dictionary. Transparent table holds application data. Pooled tables. Pooled tables in the dictionary has a many-to-one relation with the table in database. Table in the database has the different name as in the dictionary. Pooled table are stored in table pool at the database level.

Q.4 What are domains and data element? 

Domains: Domain is the central object for describing the technical characteristics of an attribute of an business objects. It describes the value range of the field. Data Element: It is used to describe the semantic definition of the table fields like description the field. Data element describes how a field can be displayed to end-user.

Q.5 What is an ABAP/4 Query? 

ABAP/4 Query is a powerful tool to generate simple reports without any coding. ABAP/4 Query can generate the following 3 simple reports: Basic List: It is the simple reports. Statistics: Reports with statistical functions like Average, Percentages. Ranked Lists: For analytical reports. - For creating a ABAP/4 Query, programmer has to create user group and a functional group. Functional group can be created using with or without logical database table. Finally, assign user group to functional group. Finally, create a query on the functional group generated.

Q.6 What is BDC programming? 

Transferring of large/external/legacy data into SAP system using Batch Input programming. Batch input is a automatic procedure referred to as BDC(Batch Data Communications). The central component of the transfer is a queue file which receives the data vie a batch input programs and groups associated data into “sessions”.

What are the functional modules used in sequence in BDC?
These are the 3 functional modules which are used in a sequence to perform a data transfer successfully using BDC programming: BDC_OPEN_GROUP - Parameters like Name of the client, sessions and user name are specified in this functional modules. BDC_INSERT - It is used to insert the data for one transaction into a session. BDC_CLOSE_GROUP - This is used to close the batch input session.

Q.7 How to upload data using CATT ? 

These are the steps to be followed to Upload data through CATT: Creation of the CATT test case & recording the sample data input. Download of the source file template. Modification of the source file. Upload of the data from the source file.

What are internal tables?
Internal tables are a standard data type object which exists only during the runtime of the program. They are used to perform table calculations on subsets of database tables and for re-organizing the contents of database tables according to users need.

Q.8 What is ITS?

What are the merits of ITS?- ITS is a Internet Transaction Server. ITS forms an interface between HTTP server and R/3 system, which converts screen provided data by the R/3 system into HTML documents and vice-verse. Merits of ITS: A complete web transaction can be developed and tested in R/3 system. All transaction components, including those used by the ITS outside the R/3 system at run time, can be stored in the R/3 system. The advantage of automatic language processing in the R/3 system can be utilized to language-dependent HTML documents at run time.

Q.9 What is DynPro? 

DynPro is a Dynamic Programming which is a combination of screen and the associated flow logic Screen is also called as DynPro.

Q.10 What are screen painter and menu painter?

  Screen painter: Screen painter is a tool to design and maintain screen and its elements. It allows user to create GUI screens for the transactions. Attributes, layout, filed attributes and flow logic are the elements of Screen painter. Menu painter: Menu painter is a tool to design the interface components. Status, menu bars, menu lists, F-key settings, functions and titles are the components of Menu painters. Screen painter and menu painter both are the graphical interface of an ABAP/4 applications.

SAP Interview Questions and Answers

Q.1 What is account modifier in SAP?

Ans: It is a key used in automatic account determination. This subdivides a transaction into sub accounts with the help of three posting keys: GBB, KON, PRD

Q.2 Describe about cut over process in sap.

Ans.           In cut over activity of MM,             1.Upload the Material Master.             2.Upload the Vendor Master.             3.Upload the Excise Master.             4.Upload the Excise Register.             5.Upload the Open P.O.,Shed. Agreement,Contract,Invoice Receipt. Q.3 What is the step by step process in MRP? Ans.            There is different steps in MRP:                 1.  Activate MRP in your plant.                 2.  Create Master Data for MRP (Planning Calender, Quota Setting)                 3. Create Material Master with Views                      like General data 1, Purchasing, MRP1, MRP2,    Accounting 1.                4.In MRP1 fill the following data                     (lot size - EX, Reorder Point, Safety stock, Planning Calender etc).                5. In MRP2 fill the following data (Plan delivery time) and                      after filling the other views save the materials master.               6.  Go to Transaction Code MD03 to run thr MRP.               7.Go to Transaction Code MD04 to view the requirement. Q.4 State the movement type in SAP which does not have a reversal movement type. Ans.           Movement type 121 does not have reversal movement type. 121.         Movement type is used for   Subsequent adjustment for subcontracting         This movement type cannot be entered manually.          With a subsequent adjustment for a subcontract order it is possible to correct the consumption of                 components. In this case, the material produced by the supplier is credited with the excess consumption under-consumption. For this reason, if there is a subsequent adjustment, an item is generated for the produced material using movement movement type 121.

SAP Interview Q & A

Q.1 What is meant by scales? 

We can fix a price in the info record for range of qty from 1-100 prices Rs.100 & if the order qty is 101- 500- the prices is Rs.90.

Also scales cannot be used directly in PO but can be pulled into the PO from various master data like info record, quota arrangement etc.

Q.2 What is the procedure to delete materials permanently from Material Master? The process for deleting the materials permanently from material master is by using transaction code MM70 and the navigation is:

Material Master>Other>Reorganization>Material>Choose

Then build variant with selection range of material master records to be selected for deletion and maintain run parameters and then execute.

Using Transaction Code MM71 navigates as follows:

 Material Master>Other>Reorganization

Then build the second variant, maintain run parameters and execute.

It is also important to remove the records manually form info records, PO, PR reservation etc for successful deletion of the material.


Q.3 What MRP procedures are available in MM Consumption Based Planning (CBP)?
Various material planning methods are used in MRP (Material Requirements Planning):

1. Reorder point procedure
2. Forecast-based planning  

3. Time-Phased materials planning

These are specified in material creation (MM01) under the MRP 1 tab.


Q.4 Explain the function OBYC? 

The Function OBYC stands for Configure Automatic Postings. When the system settings are entered for the Inventory Management and Invoice Verification transactions the automatic posting to G/L accounts. Postings are made to G/L accounts automatically in the case of Invoice Verification and Inventory Management where the transactions are relevant to Financial and Cost Accounting.

SAP Interview Q & A

1.    What is ERP? –

ERP is a package with the techniques and concepts for the integrated management of business as a whole, for effective use of management resources, to improve the efficiency of an enterprise. Initially, ERP was targeted for manufacturing industry mainly for planning and managing core business like production and financial market. As the growth and merits of ERP package ERP software is designed for basic process of a company from manufacturing to small shops with a target of integrating information across the company.

2.    Different types of ERP?

SAP, BAAN, JD Edwards, Oracle Financials, Siebel, PeopleSoft. Among all the ERP most of the companies implemented or trying to implement SAP because of number of advantages over other ERP packages.

3.    What is SAP?

 SAP is the name of the company founded in 1972 under the German name (Systems, Applications, and Products in Data Processing) is the leading ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) software package.

4.    Explain the concept of “Business Content” in SAP Business Information Warehouse?

 Business Content is a pre-configured set of role and task-relevant

information models based on consistent Metadata in the SAP Business Information Warehouse. Business Content provides selected roles within a company with the information they need to carry out their tasks. These information models essentially contain roles, workbooks, queries, InfoSources, InfoCubes, key figures, characteristics, update rules and extractors for SAP R/3, mySAP.com Business Applications and other selected applications.

5.    Why do you usually choose to implement SAP?

There are number of technical reasons numbers of companies are planning to implement SAP. It’s highly configurable, highly secure data handling, min data redundancy, max data consistency, you can capitalize on economics of sales like purchasing, tight integration-cross function.

SAP Interview Questions and Answers

1. What is the purpose of text determination, account determination, partner determination, output determination, and storage location determination?

Answer1:

Text determination: For transferring information from material or customer to order / delivery or invoice (and anything in between)

Account determination: For transferring financial and costing information to proper financial docs

Partner determination: For determine who is legally responsible for A/c, who the goods are going to and whatever else you waana drive through this functionality.

Output determination: What kind output does a sales/delivery/billing document create and who gets it, where?

For example A partner might get an EDI notification for a sales order just confirmed, whereas a financial/leasing company gets the invoice!

Answer 2:

(a) Text Determination: Any Texts in Material Master/Material Determination/Order/Delivery , etc is meant to convey messages to the subsequent documents for compliance. e.g. “Give Top Priority” message mentioned in Order is meant for Production Dept.

(b) Account Determination: is integration between Finance and SD. The A/P along with Account Keys need to be allocated accordingly with combination of Account Determination Group for Customer and Material if required.

(c) Partner Determination: To identify which type of Partner it is so that if required for same Customer different Partner Functions may be required (Ex. Only One Sold To Party per Customer. More than One Ship to Party / Bill to Party / Payer possible. Accordingly different Masters will have to be created. Useful for Despatch of Material in case of Ship to Party, sending Bill in case of Bill to Party and payment follow-up / Dunning in case of Payer.

(d) Output Determination: What type of Output (Fax/Mail, etc) is required, where and in what Format (ABAP Customization may be required in some cases especially Invoices).

(e) Storage Location Determination: depends on Plant, Shipping Point and Storage Conditions

2. What are the five imp fields to be maintained in account determination?

Account Determination: Sales View, Sales Organisation, Distribution Chanel, Chart of Accounts, Account Assignment Group for Customer and Material and Account Keys.

3. What is meant by transfer of data from legacy code to sap Legacy Code?

Answer1:

It should be legacy data to SAP. What it means is you want to transfer all customer and materials and all other information from Older (legacy system) to new SAP system. You can do it using many tools, most noticeably MDMs.

Answer2:

Before installation of SAP, Data maintained by Company is called Legacy Data. At the time of installation, it is required to transfer Data from Legacy to SAP like Masters (Material/Customer, etc). It can be done in various ways like BDC, LSMW, etc.

4. What do you do really in pricing determination and what are the main differences between pricing procedures?

Answer1:

Pricing is determined by combination of Sales Organisation, Distribution Channel, Division, Customer Pricing Procedure and Document Pricing Procedure.